The programme aims to develop scenarios and proposals for the decarbonisation of the steel, cement and chemical sectors – with a focus on refineries. Quantitative and qualitative analysis will provide possible decarbonisation pathways and identify the most cost-effective, financially feasible and socially just technological options. The work will link possible industry decarbonisation choices to those in the European policy debate, including the reform of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), State Aid and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms (CBAMs). The programme will explore practical examples of just transition in the areas most affected by the industrial sector transition.